Natural Enemies of Blackflies and Midges
Literature Review
Virus
Entomopoxvirus
- Harkrider, J.R. 1988. Pestilence in Orange County insect pests . Mem, Nat. Hist. Found. Orange Co. 2: 42-46.
- Majori, G., A. All, G. Donelli, F. Tangucci, and J.R. Harkrider. 1986. The occurrence of a virus of the pox group in a field population of Chironmus salinarius Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) in Italy. Flor. Entomol. 69(2): 418-421.
- Harkrider. J.R. and I.M. Hall. 1980. Evidence for the transovum transmission of a chironomid entomopoxvirus. Mosq. News 40(1): 116-117.
- Harkrider, J.R, and I.M. Hall. 1979. The effect of an entomopoxvirus on larval populations of an undescribed midge species in the Chironomus decorus complex under laboratory conditions. Environ. Entomol. 8: 631-635.
- Harkrider, J.R. and I.M. Hall. 1978. The dynamics of an entomopoxvirus in a field population of larval midges of the Chironmus decorus complex. Environ. Entomol. 7: 858-862.
- Harkrider, J.R. and I.M. Hall. 1975. The occurrence of an Entomopoxvirus in a field population of Chironomus sp. Proc. Calif. Mosq. Cent. Assoc. 43: 103-106.
Iridescent Virus
- Avery, S.W. and L. Bauer 1984. Iridescent virus from Prosimulium collected in Maine J. Invert. Pathol. 43: 430-431.
- Hernandez, O., G. Maldonado, and T. Willians 2000. An epizootic of patent iridescent virus disease in multiple species of blackflies in Chiapas, Mexico. Med. Vet. Entomol. 14: 458--462
- Stoltz, D.B., Hilsenhoff, W.L. and H.F. Stitch. 1968. A virus disease of Chironomus plumosus. J. Invert. Pathol. 12: 118-128.
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Willians, T. and Cory, J. 1993. Evidence for DNA restriction fragment polymorphism in iridovirus isolates from individual blackfly (Diptera: Simuliidae) hosts. Med. Vet. Entomol. 7: 199-201
Cytoplasmic Polyhedrosis Virus
- Bailey, C.H. 1977. Field and laboratory observations on a cytoplasmic polyhedroosis virus of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae). J. Invert. Pathol. 29: 69-73.
- Federici, B.A., Hazard, E.I., and Anthony, D.W. 1973. A new cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus from Chironomidae collected in Florida. J. Invert. Pathol. 22: 136-138.
Last modified 5 January 2000